Cannabigerol (CBG): Benefits, Uses, and How It Works in the Body
Author: Pavel Čermák
Cannabigerol (CBG) is one of the many compounds known as cannabinoids found in hemp plants. While CBG exists in lower concentrations than THC or CBD, recent years have seen a growing scientific interest in this cannabinoid. In this article, we will explore what CBG is, how it works in our bodies, and its potential health benefits.
How Does CBG Work in Our Body?
Like other cannabinoids, CBG affects the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in our body. The ECS is a complex network of receptors (CB1 and CB2 receptors), chemicals called endocannabinoids, and enzymes.
Endocannabinoids are compounds that our body naturally produces. They bind to CB1 and CB2 receptors, helping regulate various physiological functions and maintain internal balance.
- CB1 receptors are primarily found in the nervous system and brain.
- CB2 receptors are distributed throughout the body, especially in immune cells.
Two well-known endocannabinoids are anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG):
- AEA primarily binds to CB1 receptors, affecting cognitive function and mood.
- 2-AG binds to both CB1 and CB2 receptors, producing anti-inflammatory effects.
Cannabinoids from hemp plants can also bind to these receptors due to their similar structure. Research has shown that CBG binds primarily to CB2 receptors.
This interaction between plant cannabinoids and the endocannabinoid system is known as the "entourage effect." Using cannabinoids in combination may offer more significant benefits than using them individually.
What is CBG Used For?
While the full benefits of CBG are still being studied, initial research suggests it may help with various physical and mental conditions. Let's explore the existing research on CBG and its potential health benefits.
Anti-Inflammatory Effects of CBG
CBG appears to have anti-inflammatory properties, making it a potential treatment for various chronic diseases.
A study on CBG for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) found that CBG reduced inflammatory markers in mice with induced IBD and alleviated colitis. Based on these findings, researchers suggest further testing of CBG in human subjects for IBD treatment.
Neuroprotective Effects of CBG
CBG may also act as an antioxidant, protecting the nervous system from damage. This is similar to the endocannabinoid 2-AG.
An animal study on the neuroprotective effects of CBG found that CBG can help improve motor deficits and preserve neurons in neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease.
CBG as an Appetite Stimulator
CBG shows promise as an appetite stimulator, as evidenced by a 2016 study on rats. The study found that rats given CBG increased their number of meals and total food intake without affecting the amount consumed per meal or the length of meals. No adverse effects were found in CBG-treated rats, making it a potential therapy for conditions like anorexia and cachexia.
CBG for Bladder Problems
A 2015 study on cannabinoids for bladder dysfunction found that CBG can reduce acetylcholine-induced bladder contractions in mice. Among the cannabinoids tested, CBG was one of the most effective, along with 99-tetrahydrocannabivarin (THCV). CBG also showed potential in reducing bladder contractions in human subjects.
Conclusion
CBG exhibits potential health benefits, including anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and appetite-stimulating properties. As research continues, we may discover even more therapeutic uses for this cannabinoid.
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