Understanding Hemp Terpenes: The Aroma and Flavor Behind the Benefits
Author: Pavel Čermák
erpenes are a crucial component of hemp, responsible for the distinctive smell and taste of individual varieties. Often, the aroma is what first alerts us to the presence of hemp. However, the significance of terpenes extends far beyond just their scent. In this article, we will explain the essential role terpenes play in hemp.
What Are Hemp Terpenes?
The Basics of Terpenes
In addition to well-known cannabinoids like THC and CBD, hemp plants produce aromatic oils called terpenes. These terpenes contribute to the wide range of aromas and flavors in different hemp varieties. Recent scientific research has highlighted how terpenes influence the use and therapeutic effects of hemp. Each variety contains different ratios of specific terpenes, each with unique properties.
Hemp contains over 200 different types of terpenes, with about 30 being the most prominent. Let's explore some of the most important terpenes and the varieties in which they are commonly found.
Key Terpenes and Their Effects
Caryophyllene
Caryophyllene is a sharp, peppery terpene commonly found in black pepper, cinnamon, oregano, basil, and rosemary. It interacts with peripheral CB2 receptors and has anti-inflammatory properties, making it a common ingredient in medicines and anti-inflammatory ointments. Additional potential effects include pain relief and inducing relaxation.
Varieties rich in caryophyllene: OG Kush, Bubba Kush, Chemdawg.
Myrcene
Myrcene (or beta-myrcene) is a terpene found in mangoes, hops, bay leaves, thyme, basil, and cannabis flowers. Researchers from Steep Hill Lab suggest that myrcene may contribute to the sedative effects associated with Indica strains of cannabis.
Interestingly, consuming mature mangoes before using cannabis may prolong its effects due to the synergy between myrcene and THC.
Varieties rich in myrcene: Mango Kush, Purple Kush, White Widow.
Humulene
Humulene is present in cloves, basil, hops, and hemp. Its aroma is earthy and woody with occasional spice tones. Contrary to the common association of cannabis with increased appetite, humulene can suppress the sense of hunger.
Varieties rich in humulene: White Widow, Sour Diesel, Skywalker.
Limonene
Limonene imparts a citrus-like aroma found in strains like Super Lemon Haze and Jack Herer. This terpene is recognized for its therapeutic properties, including mood enhancement, stress relief, antibacterial and antifungal effects, heartburn relief, and improved absorption of other terpenes when applied to the skin, mucous membranes, or digestive tract.
Varieties rich in limonene: Super Lemon Haze, Jack Herer.
The Synergy of Terpenes and Cannabinoids
Enhancing Therapeutic Effects
Research into cannabis terpenes is a growing trend, with a significant focus on their interaction with cannabinoids. There are more than 150 aromatic hydrocarbons in hemp that form an essential part of resins or essential oils, affecting not only the scent but also the taste and color of the plants.
The interaction between cannabinoids and terpenes has been scientifically validated. For instance, Dr. Ethan Russo's 2011 study, "Taming THC: Potential Cannabis Synergy and Phytocannabinoid-Terpenoid Entourage Effects," demonstrated that non-cannabinoid components, including terpenes, can reduce the narcotic effects of THC while enhancing its therapeutic index. This results in fewer narcotic effects at higher therapeutic doses and improved absorption of CBD.
Conclusion: Follow Your Nose
When searching for the right hemp variety, trust your sense of smell. If a particular strain's aroma appeals to you, it’s likely a good fit.
Note: Hemp terpenes are present in all our CBD E-liquids, offering you a wide range of benefits with each use.